Valve for blowing-engines



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. KENNEDY. VALVE POB. BLOWING ENGINES.

...ev lll/Illa (No Model.) J KENNEDY 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. VALVE EUR BLOWING ENGINES.

No. 552,909. Patented Jan. 14, 1896.

I :f1/vena? Zfirzeaes (No Model.) 3 ShetS-Sheet 3.

J.KENNBDY VALVE FOR BLOWING ENGINES.

No. 552,909, Patented Jan. 14 1896.

WITNESSES ya@ ffm,

UNITED STATES PATENT EEicE.

JULIAN KENNEDY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 552,909, dated January 14, 1896. Application filed Marchl, 1895. Serial No. 541,935. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it .known that I, JULIAN KENNEDY, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Valves for Blowing-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a 'vertical longitudinal section of a blowing-engine cylinder provided with my improved valve system. Fie'. 2 is an end elevation ot the piston-head, showing one ot' the valves in cross-section. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the cylinder; and Fig. @i is a view similar to Fig. l, showing a modification.

My inventionrclates to the valves employed in pneumatic cylinderssuch as blowing-engines, air-compressors, refrigerating apparatus, 5c-and is designed to do away rWith the disadvantages consequent to the use of the present types of valves.

In blowing machinery, Where the valves are of the gridiron type, they are unbalanced and considerable power is necessary to move them. As they must be moved quickly and with intermittent motions, severe shocks and strains are set up in the valve-gear. In former valves of the piston type, in which the abovenamed disadvantages are not present, a large amount of clearance was necessary in the operatingcylinder. These evils are entirely done away with by my invention.

In the drawings, in which like numerals indicate like parts, 2 represents a blowingcylinder, having therein the piston 3, Whose piston-rods i are actuated by a suitable motive cylinder. "Through the head of the piston 3 pass two tubular valves 5 and G, Which are open at both ends and are surrounded by suitable packing-rin gs, as shown, Where they pass through the piston and the cylinderheads. Each valve is reciproca-ted independently of the piston by means of the valvestems 7, which .in turn may be actuated by eccentrics or by other mechanism. There are also near its ends annular bridged ports 8, D, 10, and ll, the ports 8 and 9 being in the inlet-valve 5, While the ports l and ll are located in the outlet-valve 5. The outlet-valve is considerably longer than the inlet-valve,

and its ends are cased in by projecting end pockets l2, which communicate With the common ofttake 123 leading to the reservoir.

la are tubular stays for the valve casings or pockets.

The action is as follows: As Vthe piston moves upward in the direction of the arrow, it is forcing air through ports I() into the valve 6 and therethrough into the reservoir. At the same time it is drawing in air upon the other side through the open ends of the valve 5 and the ports 9. As the piston nears the end of its stroke, the valve 5 is moved down and the valve 6 is moved up, and as it reaches the end ofv its stroke the valve 5 reaches its mid-position and both ports S and 9 are shut off, -while the valve G has moved up to such point as to close the outlet-port lO. As the piston begins to move down, the valve 5 is also moved doivn and air enters behind the piston through the port 8. The outlet-valve, however, beinglonger and thus provided With inside lap, has not yet reached the point Where the ports 11 communicate with the interior of the cylinder, and hence the piston compresses the air in the cylinder to or about the pressure of the reservoir before the ports 1l come Within the cylinder, upon which air passes from the cylinder into the valve and from both ends thereof to the reservoir. As the piston nears the end of its downstrolie, the valves are moved7 valve 5 up and valve G down, closing both the inlet and outlet ports at or about the instant when the piston has reached the end of its stroke, and when the piston again reaches its mid-stroke the cycle of movements again begins.

Instead of the reciprocatory tubular valves 5 and 6 I may employ stationary valve-casings l5 and 16, as shown in Fig. 4.-, over Which the piston-head reciprocates and Within which move the valves 1S, which are adjustably secured to the valve-stems 17. These valvecasings are provided Within the cylinder with annular bridged ports 19, and the valves are actuated in a similar manner to those above described, the operation being substantially similar. I prefer, however, the form of Fig. l, because all clearance in the cylinder is thereby done away with.

The advantages of my invention will be ICU apparent to those skilled in the art, since the piston acts to the very end of its stroke, there being` no clearance on account of the movement of the tubular valve. The valves are balanced in all positions and move smoothly and uniformly with no pounding and require little power to be exerted thereon, while all their movements are positive and not dependent either upon the air or upon Weights or springs.

rlhe reciproca-tory valve-tubes might be closed at the ends, and many other changes may be made Without departing from my invention, since I consider myself the first to proF vide a valve which passes through the piston and cylinder heads, the word valve7 being used in its broad senscmfhether consisting ol a movable tube,` as in Fig. l, or a stationary tubek and inner moving port, as in Fig. 4, as Well as the lirst to employ the tubular valve in the combination recited in my last claim.

I Claiml. A cylinder having a moving piston or plungenhead, a valve extending through the pistonl1ead and through the cylinder-heads and means independent of the piston for aot-uating the valve; substantially as described.

2. A cylinder having a piston or plunger head, and tubular inlet and outlet valves eX- tending through said piston-head; substantially as described..

3. A cylinder having a piston or plunger head, tubular inlet and outlet valves extending through said piston-head, and means for G. A cylinder having apiston or plunger j head, and tubular inlet and outlet valves extending through the piston-head and through the cylinder heads; substantially as described.

7. In a pump or compressor system, a cylinder provided with a movi ng piston, a tubular valve arranged to reciprocate through the eylindenhead, and having side ports, and means for moving the valve so that its ports shall be alternately placed inside and outside said head; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JULIAN KENNEDY.

'Witnesses H. M. CORWIN, F. GAITHER. 

